Macular Degeneration can lead to severe vision loss and occurs in the central part of the retina, the macular. It is most common in those over 60 however in some rare cases can occur at a younger age. It often occurs in both eyes however the progression in each eye can differ. The degeneration occurs in the retina of the eye so the peripheral vision is not effected therefore will not lead to complete blindness.
Symptoms:
- Text appears blurry making it difficult to read
- Difficulty to recognise faces
- Colours do not appear as vibrant
Forms of Macular Degeneration:
Dry: The dry form of macular degeneration is when there are yellow deposits called drusen in the macular. As these grow and increase this is what can lead to the dimming of vision. This is often most apparent when reading. Blind spots in the center of the persons vision can also occur as well as the loss of central vision in severe cases.
Wet: The wet form of macular degeneration is when there is a growth of abnormal blood vessels underneath the macular. The vessel begin to leak blood and fluid into the retina which is what causes the distortion of vision. Side effects include straight lines appearing wavy and blind spots which give a loss of vision. Eventually scarring can happen which will lead to permanent vision loss.
Dry macular degeneration is the most common out of the two forms, however dry macular degeneration can lead to the wet form. Research has found only 10% will develop the wet form and these make up for the majority of those who will suffer from serious vision loss.
Macular degeneration can change over time so it is key that those who suffer from either form monitor their eyesight and have regular eye examinations.